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Fracture
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FirstAid_Fracture
Frame Muscle Injury
Tool motion consisting of bones, joints, connective tissue and muscle in humans is very important. Any injury or disorder that occurs in this system will lead to disruption of the movement of a person temporarily or permanently.
The most frequently experienced disorders in the skeletal muscle injury is a fracture. Understanding fracture of bone tissue is cut off, either entirely or only partially.
Cause
Basically it is a solid bone, but still have a little flexibility. When stretch exceeded the elasticity limit of the bone will be broken.
Injuries can occur as a result:
1. Direct style.
Direct bone to receive a large force so broken.
2. Indirect style.
Forces occurred in one part of the body transmitted to other body parts which are relatively weak, so the other part is finally broken. Parts that receive no direct impact injury means
Tool motion consisting of bones, joints, connective tissue and muscle in humans is very important. Any injury or disorder that occurs in this system will lead to disruption of the movement of a person temporarily or permanently.
The most frequently experienced disorders in the skeletal muscle injury is a fracture. Understanding fracture of bone tissue is cut off, either entirely or only partially.
Cause
Basically it is a solid bone, but still have a little flexibility. When stretch exceeded the elasticity limit of the bone will be broken.
Injuries can occur as a result:
1. Direct style.
Direct bone to receive a large force so broken.
2. Indirect style.
Forces occurred in one part of the body transmitted to other body parts which are relatively weak, so the other part is finally broken. Parts that receive no direct impact injury means
3. Style twist.
In addition to direct style, also can receive a bone torsion until fracture. This often occurs in the arm.
Mechanism of injury must be considered in cases associated with fractures. This can give us a rough idea of how severe an injury that we encounter.
Symptoms and signs of broken bones
Given the magnitude of the force received by the fracture cases sometimes the symptoms can be vague. Some symptoms and signs that may be encountered on a broken bone:
1. There is a change in the form of broken limbs. Often the only sign visible. The best way to determine this is by comparing it with the healthy side.
2. Pain in an area that is broken and stiff when pressed or when driven.
3. Swollen, with bruising / discoloration in the injured area.
4. A voice crackled on the area being broken (these sounds do not need to prove injury by moving parts).
5. Maybe a part of a broken bone in the wound.
Distribution of Broken Bones
Under the emergency of a broken bone is divided into 2, namely:
1. Open fracture
2. Closed fractures
What distinguishes it is the layer of skin over the broken part. In an open fracture, the skin on the surface of the fracture area were injured. In severe cases of broken bones visible from the outside. The difference is if there are injuries then the germs will easily get to the bone, a bone infection that can occur. Open fractures, including immediate emergency.
Detention
Handling the main fracture is to make an arrest. The arrests are a variety of actions and efforts for the rest of the break.
The purpose of detention
1. Prevent the movement / displacement of the tip of a broken bone.
2. Reduce the occurrence of new injury around the broken bone.
3. Give a break on broken limbs.
4. Relieve pain.
5. Accelerate healing
Several different types of splint:
1. Hard splint.
Typically made of wood, alumminium, cardboard, plastic or other material strong and light. Basically, a splint is the best and perfect in an emergency. The difficulty was to find materials that meet the requirements in the field.
Example: a wooden splint, air splint, vacuum splint.
2. Traction splint.
Splint shape so and varies depending on the make, only used by specially trained personnel, are typically used on a broken thigh bone.
Examples: femur traction splint
3. Splint improvisation.
Splint is made with material that is strong enough and lightweight to support. Manufacture depends on the material available and the helper's improvisational abilities.
Examples: magazines, newspapers, cardboard and others.
4. Sling / splint and bandage.
Detention by using bandages, is generally used mitela (cloth triangles) and utilizing the patient's body as a means to stop the movement of the area of injury.
Example: arm sling.
General guidelines on detention
Hold with a splint or improvised, must still follow the general guidelines.
1. As far as possible inform the patient plan of action.
2. Before holding Funneling all parts of the injured and hospitalized when there is bleeding.
3. Always open or free clothes before holding the joint area, open the jewelry in the area or at the distal fracture.
4. Motion-sensation-value circulation (GSS) at the distal part of injury before making arrests.
5. Prepare more tools.
Do not attempt to change the position of the injured part. Try to hold in position when found.
6. Do not try to put the broken bone.
7. Splint should consist of two joints of the bones were broken. Before the first set was measured at the limbs of healthy patients.
8. If the injury occurs in the joints, bones flanking the second splint joints are. Try also holding distal joints.
9. Cover splint with soft material, if possible.
10. Fill in the blanks between the body with a splint with coating materials.
11. Ties not too hard and not loose.
12. Bond must be sufficient in number, starting from the joints move more, then joint top of the broken bone.
13. Completion of the detention, examination GSS return, compared with the first examination GSS.
14. Do not restrain excessive.
Relief tool motion injuries
1. Make an early assessment.
• Recognize and overcome life-threatening circumstances.
• Do not be provoked by an injury that looked serious.
2. Perform a physical examination.
3. Immobilize the broken parts manually, hold the upper side and lower side of injury, not to add pain sufferers.
4. Funneling all parts of the alleged injury.
5. Overcome bleeding and wound care if any.
6. Prepare all equipment and materials to withstand.
7. Do detention.
8. Reduce pain.
• rest the injured part.
• Ice the injured part (especially in closed fractures).
• Lay the patient in a comfortable position.
By: Subchan (PMI Cab Sidoarjo)
6. Do not try to put the broken bone.
7. Splint should consist of two joints of the bones were broken. Before the first set was measured at the limbs of healthy patients.
8. If the injury occurs in the joints, bones flanking the second splint joints are. Try also holding distal joints.
9. Cover splint with soft material, if possible.
10. Fill in the blanks between the body with a splint with coating materials.
11. Ties not too hard and not loose.
12. Bond must be sufficient in number, starting from the joints move more, then joint top of the broken bone.
13. Completion of the detention, examination GSS return, compared with the first examination GSS.
14. Do not restrain excessive.
Relief tool motion injuries
1. Make an early assessment.
• Recognize and overcome life-threatening circumstances.
• Do not be provoked by an injury that looked serious.
2. Perform a physical examination.
3. Immobilize the broken parts manually, hold the upper side and lower side of injury, not to add pain sufferers.
4. Funneling all parts of the alleged injury.
5. Overcome bleeding and wound care if any.
6. Prepare all equipment and materials to withstand.
7. Do detention.
8. Reduce pain.
• rest the injured part.
• Ice the injured part (especially in closed fractures).
• Lay the patient in a comfortable position.
By: Subchan (PMI Cab Sidoarjo)
